Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems.
People are considered obese when their body mass index (BMI), (a measurement obtained by dividing a person’s weight by the square of the person’s height), exceeds 30 kg/m2.
Obesity increases the likelihood of various diseases, particularly heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis, gallstones, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and triglycerides, coronary artery disease (CAD), and stroke, among other conditions.
Obesity is most commonly caused by a combination of excessive food energy intake, lack of physical activity, and genetic susceptibility, although a few cases are caused primarily by genes, endocrine disorders, medications or psychiatric illness. Evidence to support the view that some obese people eat little yet gain weight due to a slow metabolism is limited.
How obesity affects the health depends on many things, including age, gender, where the carryings of body fat, and the physical activity. For an example: fat accumulation around stomach (apple –shaped) is more dangerous to have heart disease than fat accumulation around hips (pear-shaped).